Kanmantoo 2026 Exploration Update
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
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11 December 2025
KANMANTOO 2026 EXPLORATION UPDATE
Hillgrove Resources Limited (Hillgrove) (ASX:HGO) provides the following 2026 Exploration Target update at
its Kanmantoo Copper Mine in South Australia.
Highlights include:
• 2025 Drilling Performance: November added 6,500 meters (m), Year-to-Date (YTD) 63,543m,
exceeding 2025 target of 60,000m.
o Only 29,377 metres of the 2025 drilling were incorporated into the October 2025 Mineral
Resource Estimate (MRE) due to the August data cut‑off, with the balance to be reflected in
the 2026 MRE.
• 2026 Drilling Programs:
o Dedicated drill platforms planned to access Emily Star and North Kavanagh.
o Surface diamond rig mobilisation in early 2026 for directional drilling targeting the fifth (5th)
“Swell Zone” in the Kavanagh mineralisation sequence.
o Drilling will continue at Valentines and the Saddle Zone, alongside resource expansion and
grade control programs at Kavanagh, Nugent, and Emily Star.
Commenting on the new Exploration Targets, Hillgrove CEO and Managing Director, Bob Fulker said:
“The continued success in Kanmantoo to convert mineralisation into a minable Ore Reserve
above our depletion rate demonstrates the scale and quality of the mineralisation system. With
over 63,000 metres drilled this year, exceeding our 2025 target, and new partnerships such as
Fleet Space advancing our geophysical capabilities, Hillgrove is well-positioned to unlock further
growth at Kanmantoo.
Operational performance in 2025 has been strong, with cost and production guidance firmly on
track. We are delivering tangible improvements across the business and remain on schedule to
ramp up mine throughput to 1.7–1.8 million tonnes per annum by the endof H1 2026. Importantly,
the breakthrough ofthe Nugent decline is imminent, marking acriticalstepin unlocking additional
ore sources and underpinning sustained growth in copper production."
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Figure 1: Longitudinal section of Exploration Target zone locations
Hillgrove has approximated an Exploration Target for the Kanmantoo area of between 26.7 - 42.5Mt (Mt) with
a target grade of 0.8 - 1.4% (Cu) and 0.05 - 0.5 g/t Au (Au) (see Table 1) based on exploration drilling results,
relevant operational experience, and geological knowledge of the deposit. The grade range estimates are in
line with the parameters used to generate the domain models for the 2025 MRE. The Exploration Target herein
replaces the Company’s previous Exploration Target releases and excludes the 2025 MRE at Kavanagh,
Nugent, Emily Star, Valentines and North Kavanagh1
. The Exploration Target is conceptual in nature as there
has been insufficient exploration to define a Mineral Resource. It is uncertain if further exploration will result
in the determination of a Mineral Resource under the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results,
Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves, the JORC Code” (JORC 2012). The Exploration Target is not being
reported as part of any Mineral Resource or Ore Reserve estimate.
Included in this release is an approximation of the Exploration Target at Stella and South Kanmantoo.
Mineralisation has been affirmed at both targets by Hillgrove’s exploration drilling2
. Both targets are located
on Exploration Licence (EL 6526) held 100% by Hillgrove and within 1km of the Kanmantoo processing plant.
1
Refer to ASX release titled ‘Hillgrove Resources Delivers Ore Reserve Extension At 1.0% CuEq*’, dated 30 October 2025. See Appendix A for
Further information on Kanmantoo Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve.
2
See ASX releases titled ‘New Gold Discovery Confirmed at Stella’dated 26 August 2021 and ‘Kanmantoo Brownfields Exploration Drilling
Results’dated 2 June 2010 for drilling results.
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Table 1 Summary of the Kanmantoo Exploration Target by Lode3
Kanmantoo Region Exploration Target
Deposit Tonnage Range Cu Grade Range Au Grade Range
(Mt) (%) (g/t)
Below 2025 Resource
Kavanagh 5.4 - 8.1 0.8 - 1.4 0.05 - 0.2
Spitfire 1.9 - 2.8 0.8 - 1.3 0.1 - 0.2
Nugent 2.2 - 3.3 0.8 - 1.3 0.3 - 0.5
Emily Star 3.3 - 5.0 0.8 - 1.1 0.05 - 0.2
North Kavanagh 1.9 - 2.8 0.8 - 1.1 0.1 - 0.3
Valentines 1.1 - 1.7 0.8 - 1.2 0.05 - 0.2
Saddle Zone 0.6 - 0.8 0.8 - 1.3 0.3 - 0.5
Paringa 1.5 - 2.2 0.8 - 1.0 0.05 - 0.2
Critchley 0.7 - 1.1 0.8 - 1.1 0.05 - 0.2
No Resource Estimate
Matthew 3.1 - 4.7 0.8 - 1.1 0.1 - 0.3
Coopers 1.0 - 2.0 0.8 - 1.2 0.1 - 0.3
Within 1km of Processing Plant (on EL 6526)
South Kanmantoo (EL 6526) 2.0 - 4.0 0.8 - 1.2 0.1 - 0.3
Stella (EL 6526) 2.0 - 4.0 0.8 - 1.2 0.1 - 0.3
Total 26.7 - 42.5 0.8 - 1.4 0.05 - 0.5
3
The Exploration Target is conceptual in nature as there has been insufficient exploration to define a Mineral Resource. It is uncertain if further
exploration will result in the determination of a Mineral Resource under JORC 2012. The Exploration Target is not being reported as part of any
Mineral Resource or Ore Reserve.
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Figure 2: Plan view of location of target zones
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The Kanmantoo orebody demonstrates strong potential for down-dip mineralisation extensions and the
discovery of new lodes, as evidenced by the recent discovery of the Saddle Zone4
and the consistent year-on-
year growth in the Kanmantoo MRE5
. In addition, a series of near-mine targets remain prioritised for
underground exploration. Looking ahead to 2026, dedicated drill platforms are planned to provide efficient
access to test Emily Star and North Kavanagh at depth, beneath previously identified surface expressions.
The Kanmantoo mineral system has undergone a process of stretching and breaking during deposition,
leading to natural pinch and swell zones within the deposit. These pinches and swells, known geologically as
boudins, have been consistently observed during both open-pit and underground mining at Kanmantoo.
Two swell zones were observed during open-pit mining, which concluded at 350m depth from surface. A third
swell zone was observed in 2024 in the initial 4 sublevels of underground mining atapproximately 450m depth.
With a recurring amplitude of approximately 150-200m, current underground drilling is targeting a fourth
hypothesised swell zone at approximately 550m depth. A surface diamond drill rig will be mobilised in early
2026 to target a hypothesised fifth swell zone at approximately 700m depth. Confirmation of these zones
would represent a significant extension of the mineralised system and further enhance the long-term growth
potential of Kanmantoo.
Opportunistic drilling of near-mine targets, such as Valentines and Saddle Zone, will also continue from
available drill sites, complementing ongoing resource expansion and grade control drill programs planned to
take place at Kavanagh, Nugent and Emily Star. Data collected through these campaigns will further refine
understanding of the Kanmantoo Mineralisation system, including its structural controls and mineralogy
associations.
4
Refer to ASX release titled ‘New High Grade Copper - Gold Discovery At Kanmantoo’, dated 19 August 2025.
5
Refer to ASX release titled ‘Hillgrove Resources Delivers Ore Reserve Extension At 1.0% CuEq*’, dated 30 October 2025.
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Figure 3: Planned Exploration Drill Targets 2026
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Figure 4: Planned Surface Drill Targets into Kavanagh 2026
To advance both the near-mine and regional exploration programs, Hillgrove has entered into a partnership
with Fleet Space Technologies Pty Ltd (Fleet Space). The partnership enables the deployment of cutting-edge
geophysical technologies to address geological questions across Hillgrove’s greenfield and brownfield
exploration terrain.
Hillgrove and Fleet Space have a long history of project development since first working together in 2022, and
more recently in July 2025 with the Magnetotelluric Survey completed at Kanmantoo6
. Hillgrove’s deep
geological knowledge provides a robust foundation for Fleet Space to test and refine new technologies in a
well-understood environment, while simultaneously enhancing Hillgrove’s exploration data collection.
Drilling continues across the Kanmantoo system to support stope definition and resource growth, with a
strong emphasis on the Nugent, Spitfire and deeper Kavanagh zones. In November 2025, 6,500m of diamond
drilling were complete, increasing the year-to-date total to 63,543m, surpassing the 2025 target of 60,000m.
6
See ASX release titled ‘Kanmantoo Mt Survey Identifies Alteration Targets’, dated 25 July 2025.
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Method of Assessment
Across the region of the Kanmantoo Copper Mine that lies outside of the current mine plan and existing mine
voids (pit and underground), eleven (11) potential higher-grade Cu-Au target zones have been identified as
priorities for future exploration. These target zones have been delineated primarily through assessment of
depth, width and strike extensions of known Cu-Au zones previously mined in the open pit or intersected by
drilling.
A review of the drill hole database spanning 22 years of drilling to a depth of 1,000 metres below surface,
combined with the geological knowledge, geophysical survey interpretations and operational insights from
both the open pit and underground mining, indicates that several higher-grade Cu-Au zones extend to depth
beneath thecurrent undergroundoperations and around theGiant,Nugent and Emily Staropen pits. Thegrade
range estimates align with the parameters used to generate the domain models underpinning the 2025 MRE.
The analysis also highlights a lack of drilling below and along strike of the open pits to assess these potential
higher-grade zones (Figure 1 and 2), with the average depth of drilling being less than 120m below surface. The
Cu and Au grade profiles for the Exploration Target have been defined using average grades from exploration
diamond drilling within the target Cu-Au zones, or the relevant MRE. Nugent and Kavanagh targets have been
updated to incorporate the ongoing grade control drilling and account for the material included in the 2025
Kanmantoo Mineral Resource7
. West Kavanagh, Central Kavanagh and, East Kavanagh have been
consolidated into a single “Kavanagh” domain.
Authorised for release by the Board of Hillgrove Resources Limited.
For more information contact:
Mr Bob Fulker Mr Luke Anderson
CEO & Managing Director Chief Financial Officer
Tel: +61 (0)8 7070 1698 Tel: +61 (0)8 7070 1698
7
See ASX release titled ‘Hillgrove Resources Delivers Ore Reserve Extension At 1.0% Cueq*’ dated 30 October 2025 available to view at
www.hillgroveresources.com.au
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Forward Looking Statement
This Report contains or may contain certain forward-looking statements and comments about future events,
that are based on Hillgrove's beliefs, assumptions and expectations and on information currently available to
management as at the date of this presentation. Often, but not always, forward-looking statements can
generally be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as "may", "will", "expect", "plan", "believes",
"estimate", "anticipate", "outlook", and "guidance", or similar expressions, and may include, without
limitation, statements regarding plans, strategies and objectives of management, anticipated production and
production potential, financial forecasts, product quality estimates of future Mineral Resources and Ore
Reserves. Such statements are only expectations or beliefsand aresubject to inherent risks and uncertainties
which could cause actual values, results or performance achievements to differ materially from those
expressed or implied in this announcement. Where Hillgrove expresses or implies an expectation or belief as
to future events or results, such expectation or belief is expressed in good faith and on a reasonable basis. No
representation or warranty, express or implied, is made by Hillgrove that the matters stated in this
presentation will in fact be achieved or prove to be correct. Except as required by law, Hillgrove undertakes
no obligation to provide any additional or updated information or update any forward-looking statements
whether on a result of new information, future events, results or otherwise. Readers are cautioned against
placing undue reliance on forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees
of future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions andother important
factors, many of which are beyond the control of Hillgrove, the directors, and management of Hillgrove. These
factors include, but are not limited to difficulties in forecasting expected production quantities, the potential
that any of Hillgrove's projects may experience technical, geological, metallurgical and mechanical
problems, changes in market prices and other risks not anticipated by Hillgrove, changes in exchange rate
assumptions, changes in product pricing assumptions, major changes in mine plans and/or resources,
changes in equipment life or capability, emergence of previously underestimated technical challenges,
increased costs, and demand for production inputs.
Competent Persons Statement
As an Australian company with securities listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX), Hillgrove is
subject to Australian disclosure requirements and standards, including the requirements of the Corporations
Act and the ASX. Investors should note that it is a requirement of the ASX listing rules that the reporting of ore
reserves and mineral resources in Australia comply with the 2012 edition of the Australasian Code for
Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the JORC Code).
The information in this report that relates to Exploration Targets on information compiled by Caitlin Rowett, a
Competent Person who is a Member of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Caitlin Rowett is
a full-time employee of the company and holds equity in Hillgrove Resources Limited. Caitlin Rowett has
sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration
and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the
Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. Caitlin Rowett
has consented to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on their information in the form and context
in which it appears.
The information in this report that relates to the 2025 Kanmantoo Mineral Resource Estimate and the 2025
Ore Reserve is extracted from ASX release titled ‘Hillgrove Delivers Ore Reserve Extension at 1.0% CuEq”.
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released on 30 October 2025 and is available to view at www.hillgroveresources.com.au. The Company
confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in
the original market announcement and that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning
the Mineral Resource Estimate and Ore Reserve in the relevant market announcement continue to apply and
have not materially changed. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent
Person's findings are presented have not been materially modified from the original market announcements.
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APPENDIX A – 2025 KANMANTOO MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE
Mine Area
JORC
Classification
Tonnage Cu Au Ag Cu Metal Au Metal
(kt) (%) (g/t) (g/t) (kt) (koz)
Kavanagh (including Spitfire)
Measured 4,200 0.80 0.11 2.7 33 15
Indicated 2,700 0.72 0.13 2.5 19 11
Inferred 1
5,800 0.65 0.14 2.5 38 26
Sub-Total 12,700 0.72 0.13 2.6 91 53
North Kavanagh
Measured - - - - - -
Indicated 180 0.78 0.12 3.4 1.4 0.7
Inferred 2
200 0.74 0.29 2.8 1.5 1.9
Sub-Total 380 0.76 0.21 3.0 2.9 2.6
Nugent
Measured 550 0.83 0.38 2.3 4.6 6.7
Indicated 2,300 0.75 0.37 2.0 17 28
Inferred 3
2,800 0.78 0.26 1.9 22 24
Sub-Total 5,700 0.77 0.32 2.0 44 59
Valentines
Measured - - - - - -
Indicated 200 0.65 0.07 1.3 1.3 0.5
Inferred 4
340 0.55 0.05 1.2 1.9 0.5
Sub-Total 540 0.59 0.06 1.2 3.2 1.0
Emily Star
No change to 2024
Measured - - - - - -
Indicated - - - - - -
Inferred 2,600 0.77 0.08 1.6 20 7
Sub-Total 2,600 0.77 0.08 1.6 20 7
TOTAL 22,000 0.74 0.17 2.3 160 120
Notes:
1. Due to effects of rounding, total numbers may not sum.
2. Inferred 1 – includes Kavanagh high grade Inferred; Central Kavanagh, North Kavanagh and Valentines Categorical Indicator Kriging
(CIK) Inferred.
3. Inferred 2 – includes North Kavanagh high grade Inferred only
4. Inferred 3 – includes Nugent high grade and CIK Inferred
5. Inferred 4 – includes Valentines high grade Inferred only
6. Reporting criteria are: Measured, Indicated and Inferred material (RESCAT = 1 or RESCAT = 2 or RESCAT = 3), Cu >= 0.40% (CU_PCT
>= 0.4), in-situ (VOIZONE = 0) with reasonable prospects of eventual economic extraction envelope (MREZONE = 1), Reasonable
Prospects for Eventual Economic Extraction (RPEEE=1).
7. Tonnage and metal are rounded to the nearest 1,000 tonnes, grades are rounded to two significant figures.
8. Mineral Resource is reported at a 0.40% Cu cut-off grade for all mine areas.
9. Mineral Resource is depleted for mining to 30 June 2025.
10. Mine depletion refers to the current Kanmantoo underground operation, and historical Giant, Nugent and Emily Star open pits.
The information is extracted from the report entitled ‘Hillgrove Delivers Ore Reserve Extension at 1.0% CuEq’. released on 30 October
2025 and is available to view on the Hillgrove Website https://www.hillgroveresources.com.au/announcements. The Company confirms
that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the original market announcement
and that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the estimates in the relevant market announcement continue
to apply and have not materially changed. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Person’s findings
are presented have not been materially modified from the original market announcement.
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APPENDIX B – 2025 KANMANTOO ORE RESERVE ESTIMATE
Mine Area Classification
Tonnes
(kt)
Cu
(%)
Au
(ppm)
Cu Eq
(%)
Ag
(ppm)
Cu Metal
(kt)
Au Metal
(koz)
Kavanagh Proved 1,500 0.96 0.11 1.0 2.8 14 5
Probable 900 0.89 0.19 1.0 2.9 8 5
Sub-Total 2,300 0.93 0.14 1.0 2.8 22 10
Nugent Proved 360 0.73 0.37 1.0 1.9 3 4
Probable 1,300 0.73 0.34 0.9 1.9 9 14
Sub-Total 1,600 0.73 0.35 0.9 1.9 12 19
Total Ore
Reserves
Proved 1,800 0.92 0.16 1.0 2.6 17 9
Probable 2,200 0.79 0.28 1.0 2.3 17 19
Total 4,000 0.85 0.22 1.0 2.4 34 29
Notes:
1. Dry metric tonnes.
2. Stope cut-off grade 0.8% CuEq (Copper Equivalent) to define development limits, 0.6% CuEq for stopes along defined
development. Development cut-off grade 0.4% Copper.
3. Approximately 40,000 tonnes of Measured Mineral Resource has been converted to Probable Ore Reserves. The tonnes
are in Nugent Mine Area and are contained in a region with high water inflows from intercepting diamond drill holes.
Further work is required to determine a strategy to profitably mine these tonnes.
4. Reported Ore Reserves do not include any diluting Inferred or Unclassified material. The mine schedule includes 277kt
at 0.2% Cu of non-Reserving material that is mined as unavoidable dilution.
5. Reported grades are rounded to two decimal places, copper equivalent to one decimal place. Tonnes are rounded to
two significant figures. Minimum stoping widths of 5m true width.
6. Reported grades are rounded to two decimal places. Tonnes are rounded to two significant figures.
7. Any minor apparent discrepancies for sums in the table are due to rounding.
8. The period of economic extraction is from July 2025 to April 2028.
9. Ore Reserves are converted from Mineral Resources based on October 2025 Mineral Resources, reported herewith.
10. Competent Person: Mark Hamilton MAusIMM (#221080).
11. Over 18 months of mining actual demonstrates very good ground conditions. It is expected that this will continue, with
Geotech modelling demonstrating stability over modelled life of mine.
CuEq calculation takes into account all material cost drivers that differentiate value derived from copper and gold,
expressed as copper grade in-situ. Drivers applied are concentrator recoveries, metal payability and metal prices. Silver
(Ag) is not included in CuEq calculation due to immaterial value contribution. The following formula is used to calculate
CuEq: CuEq = Cu% + (Au g/t / 31.1034 x Au Rec x Au Pay x Au Price) / Cu Pay / Cu Price / Cu Rec.
Driving values used for 2025 ORE: Metal prices: Cu Price = US$3.85/lb, Au Price = US$3,000/Oz. Metallurgical recoveries:
Cu Rec = 94.5%, Au Rec = 55% Payability: Cu Pay = 95%, Au Pay = 90%. It is Hillgrove’s view that all metals within this formula
will be recovered and sold. Metallurgical recoveries are based on current plant performance. Metal payability is based on
current concentrate quality and contracted marketing terms.
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The information is extracted from the report entitled “Hillgrove Delivers Ore Reserve Extension at 1.0% CuEq”. released on 30
October 2025 and is available to view on the Hillgrove Website https://www.hillgroveresources.com.au/announcements. The
Company confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the
original market announcement and that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the estimates in the
relevant market announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. The Company confirms that the form and
context in which the Competent Person’s findings are presented have not been materially modified from the original market
announcement.
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APPENDIX C – JORC TABLE 1
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
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Criteria Commentary
Sampling
techniques
• Reverse circulation (RC) and diamond drill hole (DD) samples collected by Hillgrove Resources personnel have been used for the
geological interpretation and estimation.
• Drill hole sampling was conducted as per the Hillgrove Resources procedures and QAQC protocols.
RC Drilling:
• 2004 to 2007 drilling:
• A rig mounted 75/25 splitter was used to collect a bulk sample and smaller split sample (3-4kg) directly off the drill rig at 1m
intervals. The split sample was then split down manually if required using a cone or riffle splitter to generate a sample of ~3kg.
• 1m intervals were assayed with samples being prepared by Genalysis Laboratories in Adelaide. Each sample was pulverised to
~95% passing -75µm and the remaining pulp shipped to Genalysis Perth for analysis.
• 2011 – 2012 drilling:
• 1m bulk samples were collected during drilling with smaller split samples (3-4kg) for assay being collected primarily using a cone
or riffle splitter directly off the rig.
• Specific target intervals and/or samples exhibiting visible mineralisation were assayed at 1m intervals. All other sample intervals
were composited (using spear sampling) to 4m intervals for assaying. On return of assay results, the 4m composite results were
examined and any 4m composites returning an economic copper grade (>0.2%) were re-assayed using the original 1m samples
(collected from original bulk sample using spear sampling to produce a representative 1.5kg to 3kg sample).
• Samples were prepared by ALS Adelaide with each sample being riffle split to a maximum size of 3kg then pulverised split to 85%
passing 75µm or better and then shipped to ALS Perth for assay.
Diamond core
2004 – 2010 drilling:
• Core samples were sawn in half using a diamond core saw. A small percentage of core samples were sawn in quarters. Sampling
was undertaken at 1m intervals or to geological boundaries as determined by the supervising geologist. Half or quarter core
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Criteria Commentary
samples were sent for assay and the remaining core kept in core trays for future reference.
• Samples were prepared by Genalysis Laboratories in Adelaide using a jaw crusher to ~2mm. Each sample was then pulverised to
~95% passing -75 µm and the remaining pulp shipped to Genalysis Perth for assaying.
Diamond core
2017 - 2023 drilling:
• Core samples were sawn in half using a diamond core saw. A small percentage of core samples were sawn in quarters. Sampling
was undertaken at 1m intervals or to geological boundaries as determined by the supervising geologist. Half or quarter core
samples were sent for assay and the remaining core kept in core trays for future reference.
• Samples were prepared by ALS Laboratories in Adelaide using a jaw crusher to ~2mm. Each sample was then pulverised to ~95%
passing -75 µm and the remaining pulp shipped to ALS Perth for 4-acid digest ICP-MS assaying.
Diamond core
Underground Diamond Drilling:
• The UG Diamond Drill Hole (DDH) sampling was conducted as per the Hillgrove Resources procedures and QAQC protocols.
• Sample intervals from 1.25m to 0.25m as determined by geology through visibly mineralised zones.
• Where samples are despatched to ALS the sample intervals are split from the drill core, with the drill core sawn in half with a
diamond core saw and half-core sample crushed to 75% < 2mm by ALS’s Boyd Crusher
• Where samples are assayed by the on-site XRF, the whole interval of drill core is crushed to 75% < 2m by Hillgrove’s Orbis OM100
Crusher
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Criteria Commentary
Drilling
techniques
Drillhole Type Drill Date Bit Size % Oriented Orientation Method
Diamond All
HQ from surface to fresh, then NQ to end of
hole
97% Spear
RC
2004 & 2007 5.75” NA NA
2011 & 2012 4.5” NA NA
Drillhole Type Drill Date Bit Size % Oriented Orientation Method
Diamond 2017 - 2024 HQ pre-collar from surface to 200m depth 97% ACE Tool
NQ from pre-collar to EOH
Up to 12 wedges per parent hole
Diamond (UG) 2021+ NQ Drilled from UG
•
Drill sample
recovery
RC Drilling:
• Sample recovery or the occurrence of wet samples is not recorded in the drill hole database although communications with
Exploration Personnel and field observations indicate that sample recovery or wet samples were rarely a problem.
Diamond Core:
• Diamond core recovery is recorded by Hillgrove Field Technicians during metre marking and orientation of all holes. Results
demonstrate good recoveries with an average recovery rate of 99%. Core loss generally occurs in the upper sections of holes
throughout the oxidised and transitional material. Core loss at depth is generally associated with a low Rock Quality Designation
(RQD) value, suggesting the interval represents a shear or fault zone.
Logging • All drill core was logged for lithology, alteration, weathering and mineralisation by Hillgrove geologists in accordance with
Hillgrove’s Core Logging Procedure. Colour and any additional qualitative comments are also recorded.
• All diamond core trays were photographed before sampling and these photographs are stored on the Hillgrove server.
• Both drill core and RC chip trays are stored on site in a core yard facility.
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Criteria Commentary
• All geological logging is recorded into Geobank (a database product from Micromine) templates and visually validated before
being imported into the Hillgrove drill hole database. Additional validation is conducted automatically on import.
• In addition, a geotechnical log of all drill core is recorded utilising standard geotechnical logging indexes. RQD is 98-100%. UG
drill core is not oriented. Where required, orientation of structure relative to the dominant S2 foliation is recorded.
• Selected Holes also have magnetic susceptibility readings at 1m intervals.
Sub-sampling
techniques and
sample
preparation
RC holes
• Sub-sampling as described in the “Sampling Techniques” section above.
Diamond holes
• Sub-sampling as described in the “Sampling Techniques” section above.
• Field Duplicates were collected via manual splitting of the bulk sample with a riffle or cone splitter if available or by spear
sampling. All field duplicates for drilling from 2011 onwards were collected using spear sampling. Analysis of the field duplicate
results indicates that this method of duplicate sample collection is satisfactory.
• Hillgrove have detailed sampling and QAQC procedures in place to ensure sample collection is carried out to maximise
representivity of the samples, minimise contamination and to maintain sample numbering integrity.
Quality of assay
data and
laboratory tests
• Pre 2011, all samples were submitted to Genalysis for analysis. Gold was determined by fire assay by flame AAS (FA50) and
copper analysed via a mixed acid digest (method AT) with determination by Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES). If the copper
result was greater than 1%, the analysis was repeated using a slightly modified mixed acid digestion technique (method AX).
• Post 2011 samples were submitted to ALS Perth for assaying by four acid digest with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and
gold was analysed via fire assay and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS).
• Approximately 20% of the total samples used for this estimation were assayed using a double acid aqua regia digest with an
ICPOES finish (a method which does not guarantee complete dissolution of sample). A re-assay program was undertaken in 2011
which detected no bias between the results of the double acid aqua regia digest and the mixed acid digestion results.
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Criteria Commentary
• The QAQC of sample preparation and analysis processes were via the following samples:
o Certified reference materials (CRMS) inserted into the sample sequence at a frequency of one in 20.
o Field duplicates inserted at a rate of one in every 20 samples.
o Blanks inserted at a rate of one in every 20 samples.
o Laboratory QAQC samples were inserted with a minimum of two standards and one blank for every batch of 40 samples.
• Hillgrove‘s Quality policy is that at a minimum of 5% of all samples are CRM’s, 5% of samples submitted are blanks and 5% of
samples submitted are field duplicates thus ensuring that as a minimum, 15% of all samples submitted for analysis are QAQC
samples.
• Results from all returned QAQC samples provide
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