Kanmantoo Delivers 31% Ore Reserve Growth
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
27 OCTOBER 2026
KANMANTOO DELIVERS 31% ORE RESERVE GROWTH
Kantra Copper Limited (Kantra or the Company) (ASX:KAN) is pleased to report a substantial increase, post
depletion, in its MRE and ORE at the Company’s 100% owned Kanmantoo Copper Mine (Kanmantoo) in South
Australia.
Kanmantoo 2026 Ore Reserve Estimate (ORE):
• 5.2 Mt @ 0.85% copper (Cu) + 0.20g/t gold (Au), containing 44kt of Cu and 33koz of Au.
• Maiden underground Emily Star Reserve declared:
° 740kt @ 0.91% Cu + 0.12g/t Au containing 6.8kt Cu and 3.0koz Au.
• Year-on-year (YoY) growth (from 2025):
° 31% increase in Reserve tonnes;
° 30% increase in contained Cu metal; and
° 14% increase in contained Au metal.
Kanmantoo 2026 Mineral Resources Estimate (MRE):
• 27Mt @ 0.71% Cu + 0.17g/t Au, containing 190kt of Cu and 150koz of Au.
• Maiden underground Critchley Resource declared:
° 520kt @0.53% Cu + 0.09g/t Au containing 2.8kt Cu and 1.5koz Au.
• YoY growth (from 2025):
° 22% increase in total Resource tonnes;
° 18% increase in total contained Cu metal; and
° 25% increase in total contained Au metal.
Figure 1: Year on Year Tonnage growth since 2024. Data for 2025 tonnages extracted from titled ‘Hillgrove
Resources Delivers Ore Reserve Extension at 1.0% CuEq*’ released 30 October 2025. Data for 2024 tonnages
extracted from ‘Maiden Kanmantoo UG Reserve and 96% increase in Resource’, released on 18 October 2024
2,800
4,000
5,200
2024 2025 2026
Ore Reserves (kt)
Kavanagh Nugent Emily Star Other
+43% +31% +14% +22%
1
19,300
22,000
27,000
2024 2025 2026
Mineral Resources (kt)
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Commenting on the Mineral Resource Estimate and Ore Reserve Estimate (MROR) update, Kantra CEO and
Managing Director, Bob Fulker said:
“The substantial growth in both Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves demonstrates the quality of the
Kanmantoo asset and the success of our exploration and resource conversion strategy. The declaration of the
maiden Emily Star Ore Reserve is a significant milestone, underpinning our decision to advance development
of the deposit and providing increased confidence in its contribution to future production.
Combined with the maiden Critchley Mineral Resource and continued drilling success, these outcomes
further strengthen our confidence in Kanmantoo’s long-term growth potential. We see significant opportunity
to continue growing our Resource base, Resource to Reserve conversion, and mine life extension.”
MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE
The increase in the 2026 Kanmantoo MRE when compared to 2025 reflects the impact of ongoing grade control,
resource definition and exploration drilling, partially offset by mining depletion and inaccessible material from the
Kanmantoo underground operation.
Geological domains were refined following the incorporation of new drilling data, including assays from infill holes
and observations of mineralised structures underground. Structural models were also updated to reflect the latest
drilling and mapping information.
Key changes from the 2025 MRE to the 2026 MRE are as follows:
• Emily Star: tonnage increased by 114% to 6,000kt, with a 93% uplift in contained Cu with 2,140kt
converted to Measured and Indicated;
• Nugent: tonnage increased by 31% to 7,100kt, with a 32% uplift in contained Cu, supported by the addition
of 420kt of Measured Resource;
• Kavanagh: Measured Resource increased by 9.5% to 4,600kt. East Kavanagh increased in tonnage by 35%
and Cu tonnes by 25%. Central and West Kavanagh tonnage and Cu tonnes decreased by 17% and 15%,
respectively, due to depletion and removal of inaccessible material with drilling locations limited down
plunge due to development locations;
• Grade control and resource definition drilling delivered an overall 6,400kt increase in total Resources;
• The inclusion of a maiden MRE at Critchley added 520kt; and
• Depletion of the MRE was 1,200kt due to underground mining operations to 30 Jun 2026 and 520kt due to
reclassification of material with low prospect of economic extraction around previously mined voids.
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Table 1: Kanmantoo Mineral Resources as at 30 September 2026
Mine Area
JORC
Classification
Tonnes Cu Au Ag Cu Metal Au Metal
(kt) (%) (g/t) (g/t) (kt) (koz)
Kavanagh (including Spitfire)
Measured 4,600 0.76 0.11 2.2 35 17
Indicated 2,200 0.70 0.11 2.1 16 7.7
Inferred 1
5,200 0.64 0.13 1.9 33 22
Sub-Total 12,000 0.70 0.12 2.1 84 47
North Kavanagh
Measured - - - - - -
Indicated 280 0.73 0.16 2.8 2.1 1.5
Inferred 2
240 0.67 0.19 2.4 1.6 1.5
Sub-Total 520 0.70 0.18 2.6 3.7 3.0
Nugent
Measured 970 0.76 0.39 1.9 7.3 12
Indicated 2,300 0.75 0.35 2.1 17 25
Inferred 3
3,900 0.78 0.35 2.0 30 44
Sub-Total 7,100 0.76 0.35 2.0 55 81
Valentines
Measured - - - - - -
Indicated 190 0.65 0.07 1.3 1.2 0.41
Inferred 4
190 0.52 0.06 1.1 1.0 0.40
Sub-Total 380 0.58 0.07 1.2 2.2 0.81
Emily Star
Measured 140 0.96 0.09 1.8 1.3 0.38
Indicated 2,000 0.74 0.09 1.7 15 5.9
Inferred5
3,900 0.67 0.07 1.4 26 9.1
Sub-Total 6,000 0.70 0.08 1.5 42 15
Critchley
Measured 8.4 0.60 0.06 0.8 0.05 0.02
Indicated 380 0.54 0.10 1.2 2.1 1.2
Inferred 140 0.48 0.06 1.2 0.66 0.25
Sub-Total 520 0.53 0.09 1.2 2.8 1.5
TOTAL 27,000 0.71 0.17 1.9 190 150
Notes:
1. Due to effects of rounding, total numbers may not sum.
2. Inferred 1 – includes Kavanagh high grade Inferred; Central Kavanagh, North Kavanagh and Valentines
Categorical Indicator Kriging (CIK) Inferred.
3. Inferred 2 – includes North Kavanagh high grade Inferred only.
4. Inferred 3 – includes Nugent high grade and CIK Inferred.
5. Inferred 4 – includes Valentines high grade Inferred only.
6. Inferred 5 – includes Emily Star high grade and CIK Inferred.
7. Reporting criteria are: Measured, Indicated and Inferred material (RESCAT = 1 or RESCAT = 2 or RESCAT = 3),
Cu >= 0.40% (CU_PCT >= 0.4), in-situ (VOIZONE = 0) with reasonable prospects of eventual economic
extraction envelope (MREZONE = 1), Reasonable Prospects for Eventual Economic Extraction (RPEEE=1).
8. Reporting rounded to 2 significant figures, after summation, except gold grades to 2 decimal places
9. Mineral Resource is reported at a 0.40% Cu cut-off grade for all mine areas.
10. Mineral Resource is depleted for mining to 30 June 2026.
11. Mine depletion refers to the current Kanmantoo underground operation, and historical Giant, Nugent and Emily
Star open pits.
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Figure 2: Waterfall chart of MRE Tonnage Changes (kt)
Figure 3: Waterfall chart of MRE Cu Metal Tonnage Changes (kt)
22,000
6,400
(1,200) (520)
520 27,000
2025 MRE Drilling Depletion RPEEE Reduction New Mine Areas 2026 MRE
Mineral Resource Estimate 2025 to 2026 - Tonnage Change (kt)
42
(11) (4)
3 190
160
2025 MRE Drilling Depletion No RPEEE New Mine Areas 2026 MRE
Mineral Resource Estimate 2025 to 2026 - Contained Cu Metal Change (kt)
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ORE RESERVE ESTIMATE
The increase in the 2026 Kanmantoo ORE compared to the 2025 estimation reflects the impact of ongoing grade
control drilling and greater knowledge from another year of underground operations. The increase has been
partially offset by mining depletion. Mining parameters have been refined based on current operational
achievements.
Key changes from the 2025 ORE to the 2026 ORE are summarised below:
• Inclusion of the 2026 MRE;
• Depletion of 1,400 kt of ore from the 2025 ORE. This is below the actual tonnage mined during the period
due to additional out of Reserve stopes being identified and mined within the year, overbreak in large
stopes or changes to the stope designs;
• Addition of the Emily Star Orebody and extension of Kavanagh in the East and North Kavanagh areas of the
mine; and
• Stope modifying factors have been updated to reflect observed overbreak and the associated addition of
low-grade material.
Table 2: Kanmantoo Ore Reserves as at 01 July 2026
Mine Area Classification
Tonnes
(kt)
Cu
(%)
Au
(g/t)
Ag
(g/t)
CuEq
(%)
Cu Metal
(kt)
Au Metal
(koz)
Kavanagh
(including Spitfire
and North
Kavanagh)
Proved 1,800 0.90 0.12 2.3 1 16 7.0
Probable 1,000 0.80 0.13 2.3 0.9 8.2 4.3
Sub-Total 2,800 0.87 0.13 2.3 1 24 11
Nugent
Proved 630 0.79 0.39 1.9 1 5.0 7.9
Probable 1,000 0.77 0.32 2.0 1 7.7 10
Sub-Total 1,600 0.78 0.35 1.9 1 13 18
Emily Star
Proved 87 0.99 0.09 1.9 1 0.9 0.3
Probable 660 0.90 0.13 2.2 1 5.9 2.7
Sub-Total 740 0.91 0.12 2.2 1 6.8 3.0
Total Ore
Reserves
Proved 2,500 0.88 0.19 2.2 1 22 15
Probable 2,700 0.81 0.20 2.2 0.9 22 17
Total 5,200 0.85 0.20 2.2 1 44 33
Notes:
1. Dry metric tonnes.
2. Stope cut-off grade 0.8% CuEq (Copper Equivalent) to define development limits, 0.6% CuEq for stopes along
defined development. Development cut-off grade 0.4% Cu. Minimum stoping widths of 4m true width.
3. Reported Ore Reserves do not include any diluting Inferred or Unclassified material. The Mine Schedule
includes 499kt at 0.35% Cu of non-Reserving material that is mined as unavoidable dilution or is a sterilisation
shell around extracted stopes.
4. Reported grades are rounded to two significant figures. Tonnes are rounded to two significant figures. Copper
equivalent to one significant figure as for reporting, recoveries and payabilities are averaged values and so have
a lower accuracy.
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5. Any minor apparent discrepancies for sums in the table are due to rounding.
6. The period of economic extraction is from July 2026 to December 2029.
7. Ore Reserves are converted from Mineral Resource Estimates based on the 2026 Mineral Resource Estimate,
reported herewith.
8. Competent Person: Huw Wright MAusIMM (#3078867) with technical review by Mark Hamilton FAusIMM
(#221080).
9. Over 30 months of mining actual data demonstrates very good ground conditions. It is expected that this will
continue, with Geotech modelling demonstrating stability over modelled life of mine.
Copper equivalent includes Cu and Au. The calculation expresses recovered and payable Au value as an equivalent in-situ Cu
grade. Driving values are Cu = US$4.20/lb, Au = US$3,250/oz; metallurgical recoveries are Cu Rec = 95.8%, Au Rec = 54.9%; and
payabilities are Cu Pay 95%, Au Pay 90%.
CuEq (%) = Cu (%) + 100 × [(Au (g/t) ÷ 31.1034 × Au Rec × Au Pay × Au price)] ÷ [Cu price (US$/t) × Cu Rec × Cu Pay].
It is Kantra’s view that all metals within this formula will be recovered and sold. Metallurgical recoveries are based on current
plant performance. Metal payability is based on current concentrate quality and contracted marketing terms.
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Figure 4: 2026 Ore Reserve Mine Plan viewed to the West
Figure 5: Kanmantoo ORE contained Tonnage change (2025 to 2026)
Figure 6: Kanmantoo ORE contained Cu metal change (2025 to 2026)
4,000
(1,400)
100 5,200
2,500
2025 ORE Depletion Updated MRE and Mine Plan Modifying Factors 2026 ORE
Ore Reserve Estimate 2025 to 2026 - Tonnage (kt)
(12)
24
(1)
44
34
2025 ORE Depletion Updated MRE and Mine Plan Modifying Factors 2026 ORE
Ore Reserve Estimate 2025 to 2026 - Cu Metal Tonnage (kt)
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Authorised for release by the Board of Kantra Copper Limited.
Engage with this announcement at the Kantra Copper Investor Hub.
For more information contact:
Mr Bob Fulker Mr Luke Anderson
Chief Executive Officer & Managing Director Chief Financial Officer & Joint Company Secretary
T: +61 (0)8 7070 1698 T: +61 (0)8 7070 1698
Ms Jane Brunton
Head of Investor Relations & Growth
T: +61 (0)8 7070 1698
E: info@kantra.com
Forward Looking Statement
This Report contains or may contain certain forward-looking statements and comments about future events, that
are based on Kantra's beliefs, assumptions and expectations and on information currently available to
management as at the date of this announcement. Often, but not always, forward-looking statements can generally
be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as "may", "will", "expect", "plan", "believes", "estimate",
"anticipate", "outlook", and "guidance", or similar expressions, and may include, without limitation, statements
regarding plans, strategies and objectives of management, anticipated production and production potential,
financial forecasts, product quality estimates of future Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. Such statements are
only expectations or beliefs and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties which could cause actual values,
results or performance achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied in this announcement.
Where Kantra expresses or implies an expectation or belief as to future events or results, such expectation or belief
is expressed in good faith and on a reasonable basis. No representation or warranty, express or implied, is made by
Kantra that the matters stated in this announcement will in fact be achieved or prove to be correct. Except as
required by law, Kantra undertakes no obligation to provide any additional or updated information or update any
forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events, results or otherwise. Readers are
cautioned against placing undue reliance on forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are
not guarantees of future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other
important factors, many of which are beyond the control of Kantra, the directors, and management of Kantra. These
factors include, but are not limited to difficulties in forecasting expected production quantities, the potential that
any of Kantra's projects may experience technical, geological, metallurgical and mechanical problems, changes in
market prices and other risks not anticipated by Kantra, changes in exchange rate assumptions, changes in product
pricing assumptions, major changes in mine plans and/or resources, changes in equipment life or capability,
emergence of previously underestimated technical challenges, increased costs, and demand for production inputs.
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Competent Person's Statement
The information in this report that relates to the 2024 Kanmantoo Mineral Resource Estimate is extracted from ASX
release titled ‘Maiden Kanmantoo Underground Ore Reserve and 96% Increase in Copper Mineral Resource
Endowment’ dated 18 October 2024 and is available to view at www.kantra.com. The Company confirms that it is
not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the original market
announcement and that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the Mineral Resource
Estimate in the relevant market announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. The Company
confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Person's findings are presented have not been
materially modified from the original market announcements.
The information in this report that relates to the 2025 Kanmantoo Mineral Resource Estimate is extracted from ASX
release titled ‘Hillgrove Resources Delivers Ore Reserve Extension at 1.0% CuEq*’ dated 30 October 2025 and is
available to view at www.kantra.com. The Company confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data
that materially affects the information included in the original market announcement and that all material
assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the Mineral Resource Estimate in the relevant market
announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. The Company confirms that the form and
context in which the Competent Person's findings are presented have not been materially modified from the original
market announcements.
The information in this report that relates to Exploration Targets, Exploration Results, Historic Mineral Resources
and all data inputs including domain models for the 2026 Mineral Resource Estimation is based on information
compiled by Caitlin Rowett, a Competent Person who is a Member of The Australasian Institute of Mining and
Metallurgy (MAusIMM CP (Geo)). Caitlin Rowett is a full-time employee of the company and holds equity in Kantra
Copper Limited. Caitlin Rowett has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of
deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in
the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore
Reserves. Caitlin Rowett has consented to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on their information in
the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this report that relates to the 2026 Kanmantoo Mineral Resource Estimation for Kavanagh, North
Kavanagh, Emily Star, Critchley, Nugent and Valentines is based on information compiled by Sonia Konopa, a
Competent Person who is a Fellow of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Sonia Konopa is a full-
time employee of ERM (and part of the ERM Technical Mining Services team) who were engaged to produce the
Mineral Resource Estimate. Sonia Konopa has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation
and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as
defined in the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and
Ore Reserves. Sonia Konopa has consented to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on their information
in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in the report to which this statement is attached that relates to Ore Reserves is based on
information compiled by Huw Wright a Competent Person who is a Member of The Australasian Institute of Mining
and Metallurgy. Huw Wright is a full-time employee of Kantra Copper. Huw Wright holds equity in Kantra Copper.
Huw Wright has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under
consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition
of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Huw Wright
consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it
appears.
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APPENDIX A - SUMMARY OF THE MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE
Mineral Resource Estimation Methodology
All mine areas reported in the 2026 MRE have been subjected to additional drilling or reinterpretation since the 2025
MRE. These include the down dip and along strike extensions of the Kavanagh Deposit, which includes the West,
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Central and East Kavanagh zones, the Spitfire and the South-West Kavanagh zones (all mined within the Giant Open
Pit), the North Kavanagh deposit (un-mined), Critchley, the Valentines deposit and a major update to Emily Star.
Figure 7 shows a plan view of the Cu-Au mine areas at Kanmantoo and their spatial location. Within the Kanmantoo
mineralised system, six areas now have Mineral Resource Estimates – Kavanagh (including Spitfire), North
Kavanagh, Nugent (including Saddle Zone), Valentines, Critchley and Emily Star. The 2026 MRE includes minor
unnamed zones which are incorporated into the adjacent lodes due to proximity to planned mine infrastructure.
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Figure 7: Plan view showing the location of the Kanmantoo Mineral Resource Estimate
Specifically, for the 2026 MRE update incorporating Kavanagh, Nugent, North Kavanagh, Valentines, Critchley and
Emily Star deposits, the following activities have taken place:
• 2,301 drillholes, representing 390,850 drill metres, have been utilised in the estimation.
• The increase in the number of drill hole intervals included in the Kanmantoo 2026 MRE is a result of the
inclusion of the underground and surface diamond drilling results received to 3 August 2026.
• Underground drilling since the 2025 Kanmantoo MRE was focused on Kavanagh, Spitfire, Nugent and Emily
Star.
• Of the assays used for the 2026 MRE, 42,743 are underground drill hole samples with the whole sample interval
crushed to <2mm, rotary split, screened to <1mm and sub-split for Cu assay by bench-mounted Portable XRF
(PXRF). There is no Au assay for these samples. Rigorous Quality Assurance & Control (QA/QC) of the PXRF Cu
assays against whole sample duplicates assayed by an external laboratory was undertaken, with 4-acid digest
and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis verifying the accuracy and precision of
the PXRF process for Cu values. 131,740 samples have been assayed externally for multi-elemental analysis
using 4-acid digestion including Au.
The 2026 Kanmantoo MRE estimated Cu, Au, silver (Ag), bismuth (Bi), sulphur (S) and iron (Fe) for all named
deposits have been estimated using an Ordinary Kriged (OK) method by experts from ERM. The estimation process
to assign the Cu, Au, Ag, Bi, S and Fe grades to a 3D grid of panels through the respective deposits from the data
collected by sampling of Reverse Circulation (RC) percussion and diamond drill holes. All surface drilling (diamond
and RC) and underground grade control and resource definition diamond drill holes drilled by Kantra up until 3
August 2026 have been used to estimate the block grades in the MRE. No open pit grade control data have been
used in the estimation of the spatial continuity or grade estimate but have been used to assist interpreting the
general trends of the mineralised zones. Mapping and Spectral Infra-red (IR) data collected from underground
development has also been used to assist with the interpretation of the mineralised zones.
Prior to estimation below detection limit assays were assigned a positive value of half of the detection limit for the
relevant grade variable. Intentionally unsampled intervals, within the ESTZONE (domain), have been assigned half
detection for Cu and assigned a capped mean for Au, Ag, Bi, S and Fe values dependent on the domain. Unsampled
intervals outside the lode domains have been assigned half the detection limit for the method.
Geological domains were interpreted in 3D at each deposit by Kantra geologists based on the drill hole
mineralisation and alteration boundaries and observations, including mapping from the underground mine/open
pits. A grade threshold of 0.2% Cu, in conjunction with geology, was used to compile the mineralised domains. ERM
reviewed the Kantra interpretations prior to accepting them for use in the resource estimation.
In order to capture the significant amount of Cu grade intercepts lying outside of the mineralised zone ‘ore’
wireframe interpretations, a grade based Categorical Indicator Kriging (CIK) process was implemented by ERM to
define additional mineralised zone domain codes in the ‘waste’ material. A 0.2% Cu grade indicator value was
chosen to correspond with the nominal mineralised zone wireframe COG adopted by Kantra.
While ERM considers that the volume of additional Cu mineralisation defined through this process appears
geologically reasonable, a certain degree of uncertainty is associated with the orientation of these volumes defined
in the block model. These volumes outside of the defined and wireframed mineralised zones, should therefore be
considered to have a lower geological confidence, and are classified accordingly.
Sample populations were statistically analysed to derive estimation domain groupings for Cu, Bi, Fe, Au, Ag, S and
density based on the estimation domains. Statistical analysis included comparison of global grade distributions,
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derivation of statistical correlations between grade variables and contact analysis of grade variables across the
various geological domains.
Samples were composited to a 1m length to correspond to the nominal sample length in the sample database
within the estimation domains, and was supported by a review of sample length data. Residual retention was used
so that no sampled intervals were omitted from the final composite dataset. Grade capping analysis of the
composited samples was completed to determine grade capping values as appropriate for each variable to be
estimated. Spatial restrictions were also used to manage the influence of outliers on the grade estimates.
Variogram models were completed for the grade variables Cu, Au, Ag, Bi, S, Fe and density within their appropriate
estimation domains. Estimation domains were combined for variogram evaluation in cases where either an
insufficient number of samples were available for a reliable analysis, or the domains were volumetrically minor.
Analysis and modelling were undertaken using Snowden Supervisor software. No weightings were applied to the
variables before generation of the variogram models. Variograms were modelled from the capped composite data
for each of the variables. A normal scores transform was applied for variogram modelling, with a back-transform to
real space applied before using the variogram models in grade estimation.
Quantitative Kriging Neighbourhood Analysis (QKNA) was undertaken to assess the effect of changing key kriging
neighbourhood parameters on block grade estimates. The Kriging Efficiency and Slope of Regression were
determined for a range of block sizes, minimum/maximum samples and search size. The QKNA results were used
in conjunction with the common drill grid spacings and the morphology of the mineralised zones to determine final
estimation parameters. This allowed some generalisation of sample selection parameters to be used in estimation.
For simplicity, grade variables other than the primary economic variable, Cu, utilised the Cu estimation parameters.
For the 2026 MRE, ERM conducted sensitivity testing of refinements to the estimation parameters against the
performance of the grade control model. This resulted in a generally narrower search in the minor direction
compared to previous MREs, as well as local refinements to the trend surfaces used to guide the orientation of the
estimation search.
Estimation for Cu, Bi, Fe, Au, Ag, S and density was undertaken via Ordinary Kriging (OK), with concurrent check
estimates using Inverse Distance (ID) and Nearest Neighbour (NN), for each variable, using the capped composite
files within each estimation domain. All grade variables employ a three-pass search strategy, based on an
expanding search ellipse. A variable search ellipse orientation strategy was implemented via Datamine Studio’s DA
functionality during grade estimation to honour the local undulations in the mineralisation orientation. The density
estimate utilises a similar sample selection strategy but is restricted to two search passes due to the limited nature
of the sampling for this variable.
For waste domains a ‘coarse’ block model prototype was used (5mE by 20mN by 20mZ) as the block model for all
OK and ID interpolated variables. For mineralised domains a‘fine’block model prototype was used (2.5mE by 10mN
by 10mZ) as the block model for all OK and ID interpolated variables. For the NN estimates a ‘very high’ resolution
block model was used (1.25mE by 5mN by 5mZ) as the block model, allowing the NN model to act as a proxy for a
de-clustered reference grade distribution. The resource block model is a rotated model to align with the overall
orientation of the deposits and be compatible with the operations grade control model.
Each estimation domain was interpolated separately with all estimation domain boundaries treated as hard
boundaries, as determined from analysis of contact plots and cumulative distribution function (CDF) plots. The
model grades from the OK estimate were used as the final grades for all interpolated variables. The ID grade
estimates have been used for model check estimate purposes only and are not reported. To fully populate the block
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model with grade values, un-estimated blocks for Cu, Bi, Fe, Au, Ag, S were assigned the same default grades as for
un-assayed drillhole samples.
Final block values were validated by way of visual review of plans and cross sections (block model and drill samples
presented with same colour legend), swath plots, and comparison of estimation domain mean grades with the input
grade distribution data and the declustered grade distributions represented by the NN block model.
Iterative checks by Kantra geologists of the output model against the site grade control model were used to refine
the estimation strategy.
The Mineral Resource has been classified in accordance with guidelines of the JORC Code. The classification
applied reflects the Competent Person’s view of the confidence that should be assigned to the Mineral Resources
reported. The following approach was adopted in classifying the Mineral Resource.
• Initially data quality was assessed. ERM considers that data quality of the modern data is of suitable standard
to allow the delineation of Measured, Indicated and Inferred resources. Model areas informed by a larger
proportion of historical data are largely mined out and are not relevant to the current MRE.
• Geological continuity was assessed. Given the geometry of the mineralisation, and geological complexity of
the deposit, ERM considers that a drill spacing of approximately 80m along strike by 80m downdip is required
to enable the broad architecture of the deposit to be discerned prior to development of preliminary mine
designs.
• Historically, Inferred resources were defined as material contained within the mineralisation wireframe volume
on the basis that extrapolation from the nearest drillhole intercept was typically in the order of 80m.
Classification was applied via direct coding of the model cells based on this logic. With increased deeper
drilling across the project, there are some domains with unclassified material at depth. For those domains,
wireframes were constructed using strings digitised in a plane oriented approximately parallel to each
mineralised structure. Model cells within the wireframes were flagged as Inferred.
• Indicated resources were defined as areas within the mineralisation domains where 2 drillholes were
consistently found within 40m and slope of regression for Cu interpolation was consistently greater than 0.3.
This was applied by digitising str
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